High altitude pulmonary oedema: Mimicker of acute coronary syndrome

Abstract

High altitude pulmonary oedema (HAPO) is a common emergency seen at high altitude. It can be associated with electrocardiogram (ECG) changes due to pulmonary arterial hypertension in the form of ST elevation and T wave inversion in the right precordial leads, which mimic acute coronary syndrome. These changes can lead to confusion in diagnosis and management. ECG changes resolve over a period of time when the patients are de-inducted to low land. So appropriate history and clinical examination, followed by monitoring of patients with cardiac enzymes and ECG, can prevent misdiagnosis and thereafter management.

Keywords: Acute coronary syndrome; Electrocardiogram changes; High altitude pulmonary oedema; Polycythemia; Pulmonary hypertension.