Resin infiltration of trauma-induced enamel cracks - a proof-of-concept

J Dent. 2025 Feb:153:105552. doi: 10.1016/j.jdent.2024.105552. Epub 2024 Dec 29.

Abstract

Objectives: The aim of this in-vitro study was to investigate the masking efficacy of adhesively sealed enamel cracks with resin infiltration compared with the use of a universal adhesive.

Methods: Enamel cracks were induced on the labial surfaces of bovine teeth using a pendulum impact tester. Specimens were treated adhesively by resin infiltration with ICON (DMG) or Scotchbond Universal Plus (3M). Standardized digital images were taken pre- and postoperatively by three methods: flashlight from the front, transmitted light from behind, and DiagnoCam (KaVo). Four calibrated raters performed the qualitative visual evaluation of all images of each type: severely visible enamel cracks (1), clearly visible enamel cracks (2), slightly visible/aesthetically acceptable enamel cracks (3) and no visible enamel cracks (4). Specimens were selected to measure infiltration depth by confocal microscopy.

Results: Postoperatively, the masking efficacy in teeth with enamel cracks was significantly higher using ICON compared with Scotchbond Universal Plus in all groups (p < 0.001). Infiltration depths of ICON were significantly higher compared to those of Scotchbond Universal Plus (p < 0.002).

Conclusions: Resin infiltration offers a straightforward and effective treatment option for masking trauma-induced enamel cracks, demonstrating superior efficacy over adhesive sealing. Further studies are necessary to evaluate the long-term stability of the optical improvements achieved through resin infiltration.

Clinical significance: Resin infiltration might pose a therapeutic option for clinicians to enhance the aesthetic appearance of trauma-induced enamel cracks.

Keywords: Aesthetics; Crack; Enamel; Infiltration; Resin; Trauma.

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Cattle
  • Dental Bonding / methods
  • Dental Enamel* / drug effects
  • Dental Enamel* / injuries
  • Materials Testing
  • Microscopy, Confocal
  • Proof of Concept Study
  • Resin Cements* / chemistry
  • Resins, Synthetic / chemistry
  • Resins, Synthetic / therapeutic use
  • Surface Properties
  • Tooth Fractures / etiology

Substances

  • Resin Cements
  • icon infiltrant
  • Scotchbond
  • Resins, Synthetic