Positive autoregulation of Sox17 is necessary for gallbladder and extrahepatic bile duct formation

Development. 2025 Jan 15;152(2):dev203033. doi: 10.1242/dev.203033. Epub 2025 Jan 16.

Abstract

Expression of SRY-box transcription factor 17 (Sox17) in the endodermal region caudal to the hepatic diverticulum during late gastrulation is necessary for hepato-pancreato-biliary system formation. Analysis of an allelic series of promoter-proximal mutations near the transcription start site (TSS) 2 of Sox17 in mouse has revealed that gallbladder (GB) and extrahepatic bile duct (EHBD) development is exquisitely sensitive to Sox17 expression levels. Deletion of a SOX17-binding cis-regulatory element in the TSS2 promoter impairs GB and EHBD development by reducing outgrowth of the nascent biliary bud. These findings reveal the existence of a SOX17-dependent autoregulatory loop that drives Sox17 expression above a critical threshold concentration necessary for GB and EHBD development to occur, and that minor impairments in Sox17 gene expression are sufficient to impair the expression of SOX17-regulated genes in the nascent GB and EHBD system, impairing or preventing development.

Keywords: Cis-regulatory elements; Sox17; Endoderm; Hepato-pancreato-biliary system; Mouse.

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Bile Ducts, Extrahepatic* / embryology
  • Bile Ducts, Extrahepatic* / metabolism
  • Gallbladder* / embryology
  • Gallbladder* / metabolism
  • Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental*
  • HMGB Proteins / genetics
  • HMGB Proteins / metabolism
  • Homeostasis
  • Mice
  • Promoter Regions, Genetic / genetics
  • SOXF Transcription Factors* / genetics
  • SOXF Transcription Factors* / metabolism

Substances

  • Sox17 protein, mouse
  • SOXF Transcription Factors
  • HMGB Proteins

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