Blood eosinophil count and treatment patterns of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients in South Korea using real-world data

Korean J Intern Med. 2025 Jan;40(1):78-91. doi: 10.3904/kjim.2024.034. Epub 2025 Jan 1.

Abstract

Background/aims: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) management guidelines have increasingly emphasised the importance of exacerbation prevention, and the role of blood eosinophil count (BEC) as a biomarker for inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) response. This study aimed to describe the distribution and stability of BEC and understand real-world treatment patterns among COPD patients in South Korea.

Methods: This was a retrospective database analysis using data obtained from the KOrea COPD Subgroup Study (KOCOSS) registry between January 2012 and August 2018. KOCOSS is an ongoing, longitudinal, prospective, multi-centre, non-interventional study investigating early COPD amongst South Korean patients. BEC stability was assessed by calculating the intra-class correlation (ICC) coefficient. "Exacerbators" were patients who had a record of ≥ 1 exacerbation in the 12 months prior to the visit.

Results: The study included 2,661 patients with a mean age of 68.6 years. Most patients were male (92.0%). Mean BEC was significantly higher in exacerbators compared to non-exacerbators. Patients with ≥ 2 exacerbations at baseline had a less stable BEC over time (ICC = 0.44) compared to non-exacerbators (ICC = 0.57). Patients with BEC ≥ 300 cells/μL at baseline predominantly received triple therapy (43.8%).

Conclusion: This study may further develop current understanding on BEC profiles amongst COPD patients in South Korea. BEC measurements are stable and reproducible among COPD patients, which supports its use as a potential biomarker.

Keywords: Eosinophils; Korea; Pulmonary disease, chronic obstructive; Registries.

Publication types

  • Multicenter Study

MeSH terms

  • Administration, Inhalation
  • Adrenal Cortex Hormones* / administration & dosage
  • Adrenal Cortex Hormones* / therapeutic use
  • Aged
  • Biomarkers / blood
  • Databases, Factual
  • Disease Progression*
  • Eosinophils*
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Leukocyte Count
  • Lung / drug effects
  • Lung / physiopathology
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Practice Patterns, Physicians'
  • Predictive Value of Tests
  • Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive* / blood
  • Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive* / diagnosis
  • Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive* / drug therapy
  • Registries*
  • Republic of Korea
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Time Factors
  • Treatment Outcome

Substances

  • Adrenal Cortex Hormones
  • Biomarkers

Grants and funding