Prodromal Parkinson's disease and subsequent risk of Parkinson's disease and mortality

Xiao Chen; Yaqi Li; Yun Shen; Michael A Schwarzschild; Xiang Gao

doi:10.1038/s41531-024-00863-3

Prodromal Parkinson's disease and subsequent risk of Parkinson's disease and mortality

NPJ Parkinsons Dis. 2025 Jan 9;11(1):14. doi: 10.1038/s41531-024-00863-3.

Authors

Xiao Chen¹, Yaqi Li¹, Yun Shen², Michael A Schwarzschild^{3

4}, Xiang Gao⁵

Affiliations

¹ Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Institute of Nutrition, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
² Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
³ Molecular Neurobiology Laboratory, MassGeneral Institute for Neurodegenerative Disease, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
⁴ Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
⁵ Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Institute of Nutrition, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China. xiang_gao@fudan.edu.cn.

PMID: 39779712
DOI: 10.1038/s41531-024-00863-3

Abstract

Association of prodromal Parkinson's disease (PD) with risk of PD and risk of mortality in individuals with PD warrant investigation through large-scale prospective study. We included 501,475 participants without PD at baseline. Eight prodromal features were measured. Incident PD cases were identified via hospital admission, death register, and self-report. Cox regression models were used to compute hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Multivariable-adjusted HRs_{3+vs.0 prodromal PD features} and 95%CIs were 3.12 (2.58-3.78) for men and 2.71 (2.11-3.47) for women. Prodromal PD predicted only PD onset occurred during the first 6 years of follow-up (HR_{3+vs.0 prodromal features} = 10.5; 95% CI: 8.60-12.9), but not after 6 years (HR = 1.00; 95%CI: 0.76-1.32). The presence of prodromal PD conferred a higher risk of mortality among participants with PD. Having prodromal PD were associated with higher probability of developing PD in short-term and higher risk of mortality among individuals with PD.