Central precocious puberty (CPP) is an endocrine disorder in children caused by the early activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis (HPGA), leading to elevated gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH), which triggers the development of gonads and the secretion of sex hormones. This eventually results in the development of internal and external genitalia and secondary sexual characteristics. CPP significantly affects the physical and mental health of children and may increase the risk of various adult diseases. The influencing factors and mechanisms of CPP are a central focus of research, and its prevention and treatment remain challenging. Childhood obesity is an important risk factor for CPP, with a complex relationship influenced by endocrine-disrupting chemicals, genetic factors, and epigenetic regulation. The link between the two is primarily related to the regulation of HPGA function by nutritional and metabolic signals. Exploring the relationship between childhood obesity and CPP, along with the potential mechanisms by which obesity induces CPP, can provide theoretical references for identifying new therapeutic targets.
中枢性性早熟(central precocious puberty，CPP)是由下丘脑-垂体-性腺轴(hypothalamic-pituitary-gonad axis，HPGA)功能提前启动，促性腺激素释放激素(gonadotrophic-raleasing hormone，GnRH)升高引起性腺发育及性激素分泌，最终形成内外生殖器及次级性征的儿童内分泌疾病。CPP对儿童身心健康影响极大，可能增加患儿成人期各种疾病的发病风险。CPP发病的影响因素及发病机制是关注焦点，CPP的防治也面临挑战。儿童肥胖是CPP的重要危险因素，二者之间的关系复杂且受到环境内分泌干扰物、遗传和表观遗传调控等多种因素的影响，二者之间的关联机制主要与营养及代谢信号对HPGA功能的调节有关。探讨儿童肥胖与CPP的相关性及儿童肥胖引起CPP的发病机制，可为寻找新的治疗靶点提供理论参考。.
Keywords: adipokines; central precocious puberty; childhood obesity; hypothalamic-pituitary-gonad axis.