Some ratio type predictive estimators for estimation of the average water level of a river using season as an auxiliary attribute

Muhammad Rafaqat; Hina Khan

doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e41206

Some ratio type predictive estimators for estimation of the average water level of a river using season as an auxiliary attribute

Heliyon. 2024 Dec 14;11(1):e41206. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e41206. eCollection 2025 Jan 15.

Authors

Muhammad Rafaqat^{1

2}, Hina Khan¹

Affiliations

¹ Department of Statistics, Government College (GC) University, Lahore, Pakistan.
² Department of Statistics, Mirpur University of Science and Technology (MUST), Mirpur, AJK, Pakistan.

Abstract

The study aims to estimate the average water level of a river using an auxiliary attribute under a predictive approach. As the average water level varies in different seasons, the study considers the average water level as a study variable and the season an auxiliary attribute. A real data set of the water level of the Jhelum River at Mangla is obtained. As we found a positive correlation between the average water level and the season, we have suggested some ratio-type predictive estimators for estimating the average water level. The mean square errors (MSE) and bias of the suggested estimators are obtained using the MSE and bias of the corresponding conventional (design-based) estimators. The performance of the proposed predictive estimators, relative to their related existing estimators, has been studied, and improved performance has been established.

Keywords: Auxiliary attribute; Bias; Efficiency; Mean square error; Predictive approach; Study variable.