Objectives: This study aimed to assess the effects of deproteinized bovine bone mineral with collagen (DBBMC) combined with deproteinized bovine bone mineral (DBBM) on facial alveolar bone augmentation in the anterior maxillary region.
Materials and methods: Patients receiving dental implant placement with simultaneous lateral bone augmentation using DBBM (control group) or DBBMC combined with DBBM (test group) were included in the study. The radiographic assessment of facial alveolar bone, such as facial horizontal bone thickness (FHBT), facial vertical bone level (FVBL), and square of facial bone (SFB), was taken by cone beam computed tomography (CBCT). Generalized estimated equation (GEE) was performed to identify influencing factors associated with the contraction in square of facial bone (SFBC).
Results: A total of 164 implants from 164 patients were included in this study. After 6 months post-surgery, the SFBC and the alterations of FHBT and FVBL in the test group were significantly higher than those in the control group (p < 0.05). After 1-2 years after restorations, the SFBC and the alterations of FHBT and FVBL in the test group were significantly lower than those in the control group (p < 0.05). Spearman correlation analysis demonstrated a positive correlation between the alterations of FVBL and FHBT at the implant platform level in the test group (rs = 0.322, p = 0.001; rs = 0.349, p = 0.002). Implant timing of early loading (p = 0.014) and the implant site of the central incisor (p = 0.040) were significantly associated with the SFBC.
Conclusions: The applications of DBBMC combined with DBBM achieved better facial alveolar bone augmentation in the anterior maxillary region, especially in early implant placement.
Keywords: CBCT; bone augmentation; deproteinized bovine bone mineral; deproteinized bovine bone mineral with collagen; implant.
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