This article reviews current trends in managing children with sickle cell disease (SCD). The pathophysiology, medical and nursing management, and complications of SCD are discussed. Current trends and research findings related to improving the prognosis of children with SCD are offered. The importance of the nurse's role in educating the family about the disease process and clinical interventions to prevent or manage complications are stressed. Lastly, a nursing care plan is offered which focuses on pertinent nursing diagnosis.