The simple congenital heart disease is a multiple genetic disease. Its environmental factors are still unclear. The mode of action between the causes and congenital heart disease hasn't reported yet. This study used 1:1 case-control study and multiple factors were investigated in 168 pairs of parent before conception and the period of conception. First, using single factor analysis, the 19 suspicious risk factors were obtained from 55 factors(alpha = 0.10). Second, using conditional logistic regression selected 8 risk factors from 19 factors(alpha = 0.05). Finally, analysis of 8 risk factors were carried out by path analysis to explore the mode of action between the causes and congenital heart disease.