B-Raf-dependent regulation of the MEK-1/mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway in PC12 cells and regulation by cyclic AMP

Mol Cell Biol. 1994 Oct;14(10):6522-30. doi: 10.1128/mcb.14.10.6522-6530.1994.

Abstract

Growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase regulation of the sequential phosphorylation reactions leading to mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase activation in PC12 cells has been investigated. In response to epidermal growth factor, nerve growth factor, and platelet-derived growth factor, B-Raf and Raf-1 are activated, phosphorylate recombinant kinase-inactive MEK-1, and activate wild-type MEK-1. MEK-1 is the dual-specificity protein kinase that selectively phosphorylates MAP kinase on tyrosine and threonine, resulting in MAP kinase activation. B-Raf and Raf-1 are growth factor-regulated Raf family members which regulate MEK-1 and MAP kinase activity in PC12 cells. Protein kinase A activation in response to elevated cyclic AMP (cAMP) levels inhibited B-Raf and Raf-1 stimulation in response to growth factors. Ras.GTP loading in response to epidermal growth factor, nerve growth factor, or platelet-derived growth factor was unaffected by protein kinase A activation. Even though elevated cAMP levels inhibited Raf activation, the growth factor activation of MEK-1 and MAP kinase was unaffected in PC12 cells. The results demonstrate that tyrosine kinase receptor activation of MEK-1 and MAP kinase in PC12 cells is regulated by B-Raf and Raf-1, whose activation is inhibited by protein kinase A, and MEK activators, whose activation is independent of cAMP regulation.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.

MeSH terms

  • Amino Acid Sequence
  • Animals
  • Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinases / metabolism*
  • Cyclic AMP / pharmacology
  • Enzyme Activation
  • Growth Substances / pharmacology
  • MAP Kinase Kinase 1
  • Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Kinases*
  • Molecular Sequence Data
  • PC12 Cells
  • Phosphorylation
  • Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases / genetics
  • Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases / metabolism*
  • Protein-Tyrosine Kinases / genetics
  • Protein-Tyrosine Kinases / metabolism*
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins / metabolism*
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-raf
  • Rats
  • Recombinant Proteins / metabolism
  • Signal Transduction* / drug effects

Substances

  • Growth Substances
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins
  • Recombinant Proteins
  • Cyclic AMP
  • Protein-Tyrosine Kinases
  • Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-raf
  • Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinases
  • MAP Kinase Kinase 1
  • Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Kinases