We investigated whether the new parameter wavelength index could predict the response to chronic disopyramide therapy in patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (AF). Twenty-seven patients with AF underwent electrophysiologic studies and the wavelength index was determined before and after intravenous administration of disopyramide. Then all patients were treated with oral disopyramide for 6 months. In 17 patients, AF was eliminated (group A), while it persisted in another 10 patients (group B). The ratio of the wavelength index before and after intravenous disopyramide was higher in group A than in group B. Thus, the wavelength index proved useful for predicting the response of AF to disopyramide.