First experiences with minimal invasive thoracic surgery are presented. Between November 1991 and September 1992 37 intrathoracic operations--3 lobectomies among them--have been performed by their modified method. A special surgical thoracoscope was inserted through a 6-7 cm-s incision into the thorax. This instrument provides a direct view with excellent distal illumination and it also can be applied by video-thoracoscopic system. It is emphasized that their method needs further development. It's practical value and result depend on the appropriate consideration of possibilities and limits, and on careful selection of the patients.