Formation of alpha-(1-->6), alpha-(1-->3), and alpha-(1-->2) glycosidic linkages by dextransucrase from Streptococcus sanguis in acceptor-dependent reactions

Carbohydr Res. 1993 Apr 7:242:191-201. doi: 10.1016/0008-6215(93)80034-c.

Abstract

Dextransucrase from Streptococcus sanguis 10558 was found to synthesize alpha-(1-->6), alpha-(1-->3), and alpha-(1-->2) linkages during an acceptor-dependent glucosyl transfer reaction. Normally, new glucosyl residues are added at C-6 of monosaccharide acceptors. However, sugars blocked at C-6 also can serve as good acceptors. The disaccharide and trisaccharide products formed when methyl 6-bromo-6-deoxy-alpha-D-glucopyranoside was used as acceptor were isolated and characterized. Both were found to contain only alpha-(1-->3) glycosidic bonds. This supports the hypothesis that when C-6 is blocked the acceptor binds to the enzyme in a flipped orientation, resulting in an approximate exchange in space of the C-3 and C-6, thereby putting C-3 adjacent to the active site. The second alpha-(1-->3) links in the trisaccharide are formed by a single-chain mechanism without release of the intermediate disaccharide. With maltose as acceptor, new glucosyl residues are added at C-6'. However, if that position is blocked with a bromine atom, the resulting compound, 6'-bromo-6'-deoxy-maltose, can still serve as an acceptor. The product in this case was isolated and characterized. The new glycosidic link was found to be alpha-(1-->2).

Publication types

  • Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.

MeSH terms

  • Carbohydrate Conformation
  • Carbohydrate Sequence
  • Disaccharides / biosynthesis*
  • Disaccharides / chemistry
  • Glucosyltransferases / metabolism*
  • Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy
  • Molecular Sequence Data
  • Oligosaccharides / biosynthesis*
  • Oligosaccharides / chemistry
  • Streptococcus sanguis / enzymology*

Substances

  • Disaccharides
  • Oligosaccharides
  • Glucosyltransferases
  • dextransucrase