Primary "atherosclerotic" aneurysms of the profunda femoris are rare. Although they commonly present with rapid enlargement or rupture, only 8 ruptured cases have been found in the literature. We report a new case where the preoperative diagnosis was established by Duplex ultrasonography. Angiography was made for surgical management. Simple ligation was effective. Pathogenesis, clinical presentation, radio-graphic findings and surgical treatment are discussed.