Experimental osteochondritis dissecans--the role of cartilage canals in chondral fractures of young rabbits

Fukuoka Igaku Zasshi. 1996 Jun;87(6):133-41.

Abstract

Skeletal immature rabbits were used to study the pathogenesis of Osteochondritis Dissecans (OCD). Both histological studies and a radiographical examination were utilized after sagittal and coronal surgical chondral fractures were made in the femoral condyles cartilage. Serial microangiographies were performed in rabbits between 0 and 84 days after the chondral fractures were made. Analyses of the histology and microradiography findings suggest in either a coronal or sagittal direction, that avascular lesions like an experimental OCD occur as a sequence of chondral injury. A fracture in a wide pedicle of a stable cartilaginous flap with abundant cartilage canals heals in the usual way. However, a fracture in an unstable fragment with a small isthmus devoid of cartilage canals and of nutritious vessels, probably doesn't heal completely and a fragment closely resembling OCD is instead formed. An experimental OCD depends on the slender hinge of the flap and on the lack of stability in a rabbit's non-ossified epiphyseal cartilage. The damage to the cartilage canals and the rupture of vessels in the canals by a chondral fracture and the disturbance in the revascularization in the healing process by abnormal mechanical forces are thus most likely considered to be the main factor for OCD production.

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Fractures, Bone / complications
  • Fractures, Bone / pathology*
  • Growth Plate / blood supply
  • Growth Plate / pathology*
  • Neovascularization, Physiologic
  • Osteochondritis Dissecans / etiology*
  • Osteochondritis Dissecans / pathology
  • Rabbits
  • Salter-Harris Fractures*
  • Wound Healing