In the present study, post-trial effects of clonazepam and diazepam on inhibitory avoidance learning under two different experimental conditions (i.e., 0.25 or 0.75 mA footshock) have been investigated. Both clonazepam (0.5 mg/kg) and diazepam (2 and 8 mg/kg) enhanced retention when administered immediately after the 0.25 mA footshock applied during training of the inhibitory avoidance task. In contrast, clonazepam and diazepam proved ineffective after the 0.75 mA footshock. The results suggest a post-training memory-enhancing effect of clonazepam and diazepam depending on the experimental conditions.