[Pharmacologic and clinical differentiation of prokinetic drugs]

Leber Magen Darm. 1996 Jul;26(4):193-8.
[Article in German]

Abstract

In the treatment of gastrointestinal motility disorders 3 prokinetic agents are principally available. They are differentiated from their pharmacological mode of action, their clinical efficacy and tolerability. Metroclopramide is an antidopaminergic benzamide with mainly antiemetic effects and minor prokinetic efficacy in the GI-Tract. Domperidon is a pure dopaminantagonist. It accelerates gastric emptying but has less effect on bowel motility. Cisapride stimulates indirect the secretion of acetylcholine and acts via 5 HT-receptors selective at the plexus myentericus. These pharmacological differences have clinical relevance: metoclopramide and domperidon could not consistently prove efficacy in functional dyspepsia and GORD. In addition the data in other indications are rare. Only cisapride has shown significant responder rates in controlled studies in the treatment of gastrointestinal motility disorders particularly in long term treatment. As concerns tolerability cisapride presents a progress by its selective mode of action in contrast to the agents crossing the blood-brain-barrier.

Publication types

  • English Abstract
  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Antiemetics / adverse effects
  • Antiemetics / therapeutic use*
  • Child
  • Cisapride / adverse effects
  • Cisapride / therapeutic use*
  • Clinical Trials as Topic
  • Domperidone / adverse effects
  • Domperidone / therapeutic use*
  • Dopamine Antagonists / adverse effects
  • Dopamine Antagonists / therapeutic use*
  • Dyspepsia / drug therapy
  • Gastric Emptying / drug effects
  • Gastroesophageal Reflux / drug therapy
  • Gastrointestinal Motility / drug effects*
  • Humans
  • Metoclopramide / adverse effects
  • Metoclopramide / therapeutic use*
  • Piperidines / adverse effects
  • Piperidines / therapeutic use*
  • Postoperative Complications / drug therapy
  • Serotonin Receptor Agonists / adverse effects
  • Serotonin Receptor Agonists / therapeutic use*
  • Treatment Outcome

Substances

  • Antiemetics
  • Dopamine Antagonists
  • Piperidines
  • Serotonin Receptor Agonists
  • Domperidone
  • Metoclopramide
  • Cisapride