Development of a microcontroller-based automatic control system for the electrohydraulic total artificial heart

IEEE Trans Biomed Eng. 1997 Jan;44(1):77-89. doi: 10.1109/10.553715.

Abstract

An automatic physiological control system for the actively filled, alternately pumped ventricles of the volumetrically coupled, electrohydraulic total artificial heart (EHTAH) was developed for long-term use. The automatic control system must ensure that the device: 1) maintains a physiological response of cardiac output, 2) compensates for an nonphysiological condition, and 3) is stable, reliable, and operates at a high power efficiency. The developed automatic control system met these requirements both in vitro, in week-long continuous mock circulation tests, and in vivo, in acute open-chested animals (calves). Satisfactory results were also obtained in a series of chronic animal experiments, including 21 days of continuous operation of the fully automatic control mode, and 138 days of operation in a manual mode, in a 159-day calf implant.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.

MeSH terms

  • Algorithms
  • Animals
  • Cattle
  • Electronics, Medical / instrumentation
  • Electronics, Medical / statistics & numerical data
  • Equipment Design
  • Evaluation Studies as Topic
  • Heart, Artificial* / statistics & numerical data
  • Humans
  • Microcomputers* / statistics & numerical data
  • Software Design
  • Time Factors
  • Transducers, Pressure