An immunohistochemical and morphometric study on astrocytes and microvasculature in the human cerebral cortex

Histochem J. 1997 Sep;29(9):655-60. doi: 10.1023/a:1026448614647.

Abstract

In this study, astrocytes and microvessels of the human cerebral cortex were analysed morphometrically with the aim of acquiring quantitative information on the glio-vascular relationships, considered to be of great importance in the formation and functioning of the blood-brain barrier. Immunohistochemistry for the astrocytic marker, glial fibrillary acidic protein, was used with a computerized image analysis system. The brain tissue was embedded using the progressive lowering of temperature method, and the image analyser was applied to semithin sections subjected to immunogold-silver staining and viewed by epipolarization microscopy. The results show that, in the human cerebral cortex, astrocytes cover 11.4% of the cortex area and that their perivascular processes are nearly as extensive as the vascular bed (0.8% versus 1.72% of the cortex area). These processes form a virtually continuous sheath around the vascular walls, only 11% of the vessel perimeter lacking this astrocytic glia covering. The present results, compared with previous unpublished data obtained by conventional immunocytochemical procedures on wax sections, indicate that low-temperature methods combined with gold-silver immunolabelling on semithin sections significantly improve the detection of immunoreactivity and the performance of the image analyser.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Astrocytes / metabolism*
  • Cerebral Cortex / blood supply*
  • Cerebral Cortex / cytology
  • Cerebral Cortex / metabolism
  • Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein / analysis*
  • Humans
  • Image Processing, Computer-Assisted
  • Immunohistochemistry / methods
  • Microcirculation / cytology
  • Microcirculation / metabolism
  • Microscopy, Polarization
  • Silver Staining

Substances

  • Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein