Abstract
Human and simian immunodeficiency virus (HIV and SIV) replicate optimally in activated memory CD4(+) T cells, a cell type that is abundant in the intestine. SIV infection of rhesus monkeys resulted in profound and selective depletion of CD4+ T cells in the intestine within days of infection, before any such changes in peripheral lymphoid tissues. The loss of CD4+ T cells in the intestine occurred coincident with productive infection of large numbers of mononuclear cells at this site. The intestine appears to be a major target for SIV replication and the major site of CD4+ T cell loss in early SIV infection.
Publication types
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Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
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Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
MeSH terms
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Animals
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CD4 Lymphocyte Count
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CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / immunology*
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CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / virology
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Colon / immunology*
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Colon / virology
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Immunity, Mucosal
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Immunologic Memory
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Intestinal Mucosa / immunology
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Intestinal Mucosa / virology
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Intestine, Small / immunology*
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Intestine, Small / virology
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Lymphocyte Activation
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Lymphocytes / immunology
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Lymphocytes / virology
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Lymphoid Tissue / immunology
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Lymphoid Tissue / virology
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Macaca mulatta
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Macrophages / virology
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Male
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Receptors, Interleukin-2 / analysis
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Simian Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome / immunology*
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Simian Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome / virology*
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Simian Immunodeficiency Virus / immunology
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Simian Immunodeficiency Virus / pathogenicity
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Simian Immunodeficiency Virus / physiology*
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Viral Load
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Virulence
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Virus Replication