Solitary benign non-parasitic hepatic cysts (SBNHC) are rare congenital cystic abnormalities. Complications of SBNHC include infection, perforation, spontaneous haemorrhage, torsion and neoplastic degeneration. Squamous cell carcinoma is an exceedingly rare entity, which usually arises from metaplastic and subsequent neoplastic transformation of pre-existing cyst of the liver. We report a new case of squamous cell carcinoma of the liver in a non-parasitic solitary hepatic cyst infected by aerobic mixed flora at the time of diagnosis.