Learned helplessness: validity and reliability of depressive-like states in mice.
Chourbaji S, Zacher C, Sanchis-Segura C, Dormann C, Vollmayr B, Gass P.
Chourbaji S, et al. Among authors: vollmayr b.
Brain Res Brain Res Protoc. 2005 Dec;16(1-3):70-8. doi: 10.1016/j.brainresprot.2005.09.002. Epub 2005 Nov 23.
Brain Res Brain Res Protoc. 2005.
PMID: 16338640
The learned helplessness paradigm is a depression model in which animals are exposed to unpredictable and uncontrollable stress, e.g. electroshocks, and subsequently develop coping deficits for aversive but escapable situations (J.B. Overmier, M.E. Seligman, Effects of ine …
The learned helplessness paradigm is a depression model in which animals are exposed to unpredictable and uncontrollable stress, e.g. electr …