Two Novel Diterpenoid Alkaloids from Aconitum Pendulum

Chem Biodivers. 2024 Aug;21(8):e202400977. doi: 10.1002/cbdv.202400977. Epub 2024 Jul 16.

Abstract

Two previously uncharacterized compounds, an aconitine-type C19-diterpenoid alkaloid (1) and a napelline-type diterpenoid alkaloid C20-diterpenoid alkaloid (2), as well as ten known compounds (3-12), were isolated from Aconitum pendulum. Their structures were elucidated based on spectroscopic data, including 1D and 2D NMR, IR, HR-ESI-MS, and single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. The anti-insecticidal activities of these compounds were evaluated by contact toxicity tests against two-spotted spider mites, and compounds 1, 2, and 9 showed moderate contact toxicity, with LC50 values of 0.86±0.09, 0.95±0.23, and 0.89±0.19 mg/mL, respectively. This study highlights the potential use of diterpenoid alkaloids as natural plant-derived pesticides for the management of plant pests.

Keywords: Aconitum pendulum; anti-insecticidal activities; diterpenoid alkaloids.

MeSH terms

  • Aconitum* / chemistry
  • Alkaloids* / chemistry
  • Alkaloids* / isolation & purification
  • Alkaloids* / pharmacology
  • Animals
  • Crystallography, X-Ray
  • Diterpenes* / chemistry
  • Diterpenes* / isolation & purification
  • Diterpenes* / pharmacology
  • Insecticides / chemistry
  • Insecticides / isolation & purification
  • Insecticides / pharmacology
  • Models, Molecular
  • Molecular Conformation
  • Molecular Structure
  • Tetranychidae / drug effects

Substances

  • Diterpenes
  • Alkaloids
  • Insecticides